The Performance Evaluation of Counter-Current Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers in Central Processing Facility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54388/jkues.v4i1.344Keywords:
Counter-current, Shell and Tube, Heat Exchangers, Central Processing Facility (CPF), Crude Oil, Heat Transfer Coefficient (U), Efficiency, Pressure Drop, Fouling, Design ReviewAbstract
This study assesses the performance of counter-current shell and tube heat exchangers in a Local Central Processing Facility (LCPF) in Sudan, where hot treated crude oil is cooled to 75°C before storage. Despite design specifications, the heat exchangers fail to meet operational requirements, resulting in storage temperature exceeding 85°C. Using the Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) method and MS Excel sheet calculations, the study evaluates the heat exchanger efficiency based on plant data and crude oil samples. The results reveal a low overall heat transfer coefficient (U) of 16.99%, and a heat duty of 25.39% of the recommended operating parameter set by design, indicating poor heat exchanger performance. Furthermore, a high pressure drop of 233.1 kpag in the tube side, significantly higher than the design value of 100 kpag, suggests fouling occurrence, contributing to the low efficiency. The study concludes that the low overall heat transfer coefficient (U) is the primary cause of the poor heat exchanger performance and recommends a comprehensive design review and investigation of factors affecting performance to improve the heat exchangers' efficiency in the LCPF.
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