Cooling Material Prevails Over Climate: A Meta Analysis of PV Efficiency Across Stability Levels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54388/jkues.v5i1.376Keywords:
Photovoltaic (PV) Efficiency, Cooling Materials, Nanofluid Cooling, Climate Stability, Thermal Management, Renewable Energy SystemsAbstract
While PV cooling is widely studied, a systematic comparison of material effectiveness across diverse climatic conditions is lacking. This first cross-climatic meta-analysis of 91 studies disentangles the effects of cooling material type from climate variability. We found a statistically significant dominant effect of material choice, where nanofluids outperform others, improving efficiency by ? 16%. Crucially, broad climate stability levels showed no significant impact, showing that material properties prevail over climatic adaptations. The key finding demonstrates that optimal cooling strategies can be universal, streamlining PV system design globally. We recommend prioritizing nanofluid-based cooling.
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